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Disolenia zanguebarica (Ehrenberg, 1872)

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Disolenia zanguebarica (Ehrenberg) (PI. 1, fig. 6)


Description: Similar to Disolenia quadrata (p. 19), but tubules, of which there are 4-6 (usually 5), are broadly conical, narrowing distally; hence, there is no distinct break in shell contour at the bases of the tubules. Pores rather larger than
those of D. quadrata.


Dimensions: Diameter of shell 90-146µ..Breadth of outer aperture of tubules
18-36µ..


Occurrences previously recorded: Ehrenberg (1860a)- T. venosa, western tropical Pacific (Philippine Sea: 18°03' N., 129°11' E., 6,066m).
Ehrenberg (1872a, b)- T. zanguebarica, Indian Ocean (5°37' S., 61°33' E., 4,023m).
Haeckel (1887)- C. polyhedra, tropical zone of the Pacific and the Indian Ocean, "Challenger" Stations 266 (11°07' N., 152°03'W.) to 272 (3°48' S., 152°56' W.), surface; S. venosa, Indian Ocean, Sunda Strait (Rabbe).
Popofsky (1917)- Deutsche Südpolar-Expedition, Indian Ocean, 2 May 1903 (32°57' S., 73°50' E., surface), 26 May 1903 (28°43' S., 39°24' E., surface); Atlantic Ocean, 5 September 1903 (10°45' S., 6°23' W., 400 m).
Indian Ocean occurrences (fig. 7).- D. zanguebarica is sparsely distributed in low latitudes and is absent from middle latitude samples. Maximum abundances
(up to 3% of the described population) occur in the western tropics.


Discussion: Ehrenberg (1872b, pp. 300-301) referred to a description of Tetrasolenia venosa published in 1860 (1860b, p. 833). However, this description is of the genus Tetrasolenia; species of the genus are not mentioned. Both T. venosa and Trisolenia zanguebarica were figured by Ehrenberg (1872b) and appear to be conspecific within the present definition of Disolenia. T. zanguebarica was described by Ehrenberg in 1872 (1872a). The specific names venosa and zanguebarica are, therefore, both available for the first time in 1872 and, as far as can be determined, are of eqivalent seniority. Since T. zanguebarica was both described and figured, and since its figure is superior to that of T. venosa, the name zanguebaria has been selected for the species here described as Disolenia zanguebarica.

The large openings on D. zanguebarica are considered to be tubules rather than large pores, as interpreted by Haeckel (1887), and therefore Collosphaera polyhedra can be included in the synonymy.

Hilmers' (1906) synonymy, cited by Popofsky (1917), for Solenosphaera zanguebarica could not be examined. However, most of the forms figured by Popofsky appear to be identical with the form described herein as Disolenia zanguebarica.

The specimen in the upper left-hand corner of text figure 9 may be more closely
related to D. quadrata.

Nigrini 1967


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